Uso off label de medicamentos para o tratamento da obesidade: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

The indiscriminate increase in the use of medications for the treatment of obesity is a concerning trend. While there are various approaches to combat obesity, the most recommended is dietary reeducation combined with usual physical exercise. When necessary, pharmacological and surgical treatment may be considered. Medications officially approved by the National Health Surveillance Agency for this purpose include sibutramine, orlistat, and liraglutide. This literature review, conducted through the MEDLINE databases via PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar, aims to analyze the off-label use of medications in the treatment of obesity. The focus is on identifying the main medications used and the risks related to their use. Off-label medications for weight loss include antidepressants, anticonvulsants, anorexiants, and antidiabetics, with emphasis on semaglutide, topiramate, and lisdexamfetamine dimesylate. The off-label use of these medications is common, but it is imperative to assess the risks and benefits on an individualized basis under the supervision of healthcare professionals. Continuous research and a multidisciplinary approach are essential to fully understand the impacts and implications of this practice, aiming for long-term safety and efficacy in weight control.